Catholicism – Intelligent Christian Spirituality

Debunking Myths Between Catholicism and Anglicanism

Etiquette in interchurch dialogue nowadays prescribes emphasizing your own church’s weaknesses and the other church’s strengths. However, Connie Woodcock, an Anglican, breached this in attacking the Catholic Church based on stereotypes in “Thanks but no thanks, Pope Benedict.” Bob Ripley, a United Church of Canada minister, was much more balanced in “Rome bends rules in a conservative way,” but even with him, a few stereotypes slipped through.

In the interests of reconciling Protestants and Catholics, it needs to be said that, while there is some truth in both sides’ stereotypes of the other, the reality is far more complex.

Before I begin attacking stereotypes on both sides, I want to note “the sudden invitation to become a Roman Catholic while remaining Anglican” was not an “ill-conceived attempt at church poaching” as Woodcock claimed. It was simply the Pope’s response to numerous requests from Anglicans. Also, the format Benedict proposed is not new. Ukrainian Catholics, who are part of the Catholic Church, have their own distinct liturgy, and their priests can marry, but bishops are celibate.

Woodcock’s first stereotype about “why Catholicism turns us off” is “the Pope’s infallibility.” Ripley likewise said, “The authority of the Pope is, of course, non-negotiable.” The reality is Catholics consider 99.99% of what the Pope says to be “authoritative,” not “infallible,” and we are taught to follow our own informed conscience, not blind obedience.

Woodcock also complains about Catholicism’s treatment of women with “second-class standing.” The reality is that every priest is aware that most Catholic parishes would not survive without the immense contribution of women.

Woodcock rails against Catholic teaching on birth control, but the reality is the Catholic church promotes the Billings method of natural family planning which is quite safe and effective in preventing unwanted conception.

She also derides “top-down imposition,” but the reality is that Catholic lay people regularly give their input to priests and bishops in parish and diocesan councils. Woodcock states that in Anglicanism, there is “lots of room for varying shades of opinion,” whereas she seems to think Catholicism is one monolithic block. The reality is there are social justice people, evangelicals, liberals, conservatives, charismatics, intellectuals, prophets, and mystics of every kind all inside the Catholic Church.

On the other hand, Catholics often hold the stereotype that the Anglican faith originated with Henry VIII, but the reality is that the Church in England was one of the earliest established, and Henry merely built upon what already existed.

Catholics also have the stereotype that the United Church of Canada is exceedingly liberal, anything goes, and there is no central authority. The reality is there are many conservative United Churchers, and the church is governed by a central General Council that sets policy for it every three years.

All Christians would be much more tolerant of each other if we focused on reality rather than stereotypes.

Bruce Tallman is a London spiritual director. www.brucetallman.com

Christianity needs to befriend contemporary spirituality

Twenty years ago, Eckhart Tolle’s books, The Power of Now and A New Earth sold millions of copies, and more recently Tolle facilitated what was probably the largest classroom in human history: 1.2 million people simultaneously online.

This great spiritual teacher’s vast popularity has led to the predictable reaction of some conservative Christians who have branded Tolle as a threat to Christianity and a leader of what used to be called the “New Age” movement, which is really simply contemporary spirituality. This is unfortunate because first of all, Jesus said “those who are not against us are for us,” and secondly Tolle can give us fresh new insights into the depths of the teachings of Christ.

A Rabbi once told me that many Jews believe that non-Jewish people who live by the Ten Commandments, whether consciously or not, are on their side. Tolle, while not explicitly claiming to be Christian, is certainly not anti-Christian. If anything, he seems to bring to light things in Christianity that have been buried for centuries.

One could easily argue that Tolle is a latent Christian and capable of helping many people become latent Christians, in that he subscribes to many of the same values as Christians, such as peace and detachment from materialism and consumerism. Also, in A New Earth he quotes Jesus more than anyone else, and the endnotes are almost all references to the New Testament.

Throughout The Power of Now you could replace the word “Now” with “God” and the meaning would not change. His basic message in the book is that we need to live in the present moment, the Now, not in the past or future. Jesus said similar things, for example, “take no thought for tomorrow,” that is, don’t worry about the future or past, live now. He also said the reign of God is “at hand” that is, here and now.

In A New Earth Tolle engages in a brilliant analysis of how the ego causes all our problems and how we must let go of it to live fully. Jesus taught that if you lose your small self you find you true self, your self in God.

Richard Rohr, one of the most enlightened Catholic priests in the world, believes that Tolle could be seen as part of the “Sacrament of the Present Moment” tradition made popular by Brother Lawrence, Francisco de Osuna, and Jean Pierre de Caussade hundreds of years ago. Rohr sees Tolle as no threat to Christianity because Tolle is not teaching doctrines or dogmas, he is teaching practices just as John Wesley taught methods, and Ignatius of Loyola taught exercises, meant to help people overcome their prideful self, the ego.

Rohr also believes that, although Tolle never explicitly states his theology, he is not a pantheist (all things are God), but rather a panentheist (all things are in God). The few times Tolle does speak of God he says things like “God is the One Life in and beyond all forms of life.”

Rohr further believes that Catholics, who have a much longer tradition and are more familiar with mystics like John of the Cross and Meister Eckhart, will more easily embrace Tolle than Protestants whose tradition began in the sixteenth century. Tolle in fact adopted Meister Eckhart’s name when he realized he was also called to be a spiritual teacher.

If Christians want to be relevant, they need to respond to the “signs of the times” by engaging contemporary people who are SBNR, that is, spiritual but not religious, in dialogue. What is needed is intelligent Christianity, capable of sifting out the good wheat in the current “zeitgeist,” or “prevailing thoughts of a culture,” and letting the chaff blow away. Otherwise, Christianity may miss the opportunity to understand its own teachings more deeply and seem irrelevant to millions of people outside the church. These people might be more interested in the church if the church was more interested in contemporary spirituality.

Bruce Tallman is a spiritual director and educator of adults in religion. http://www.brucetallman.com

Understanding God: Beyond Fundamentalism

Dear Friends,

On October 12 the London Free Press published my article below under the title “Broad interpretations of God are important”

It is 670 words, so when you have 2 minutes, why not give it a quick read?

Blessings and peace,

Bruce Tallman

Spiritual Director

www.brucetallman.com

Fundamentalists need a broader interpretation of God and scripture

It is important for contemporary Christians to have a broad interpretation of God, Jesus, scripture, and theology since fundamentalism can be a dangerous force in our world, denying science, evolution, vaccines, and climate change.

In this regard, it is important to understand that God is both apophatic and cataphatic. Apophatic means God is beyond human understanding, while cataphatic refers to the concrete, understandable dimension of God. The primary example is God becoming human in Jesus, so we would have some way of understanding the apophatic God.

Christians need to hold onto both these dimensions. If you lose the apophatic dimension, you can become arrogant in your certainty about God and believe you must force your narrow understanding on others. But if you lose the cataphatic dimension, God becomes completely unknowable, and you may as well stop talking about God.

A third important dimension of God is the Holy Spirit, who is incarnate in every person as love, wisdom, joy, peace, and humility. Wherever you find those spiritual qualities, whether in Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, humanists, or atheists, the divine Spirit is present, leading them to a closer relationship with God. They don’t need you to convert them, God is already doing it..

People who believe in the supremacy of scripture usually mean the supremacy of their own interpretation of scripture. So, to avoid fundamentalism, it is important to realize that scripture is interpreted in many ways.

The Bible did not fall out of the sky. It came to us through a church, and there is no historical break between present-day Catholicism and the early church. Christ gave Peter and the rest of the apostles the authority to properly interpret scripture when he said, “You are Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it” (Matthew 16:18).

Catholic bishops, the apostles’ successors, then organized early church councils that decided which books should go in the Bible and which should be excluded. The New Testament is a Catholic document.

However, Catholicism recognizes the supremacy of everyone’s conscience. You should study church teaching and Catholic interpretations of scripture before making moral decisions. However, if you cannot agree in good conscience with these sources, you are free to follow your own conscience. You are ultimately accountable to God, not to the Catholic church.

Also, many fundamentalists subscribe to a narrow fall/redemption theology which many theologians now disagree with as it ignores the first and second chapters of the Bible, where God created humans and everything as “very good” (Genesis 1:31). Instead, this theology focuses exclusively on the third chapter, the fall of humans into evil, and the redemptive work of Jesus on the cross, which conquers our fallenness.

In addition to scriptural narrowness, fall/redemption theology gives us a horrific picture of God – a God who is wrathful, violent, and demands blood and death, or his anger won’t be satisfied, a god who consigns people to eternal torture if they don’t believe in this narrow theology. A different interpretation is that we create our own hell by our bad decisions.

Fall/redemption theology also lets Christians off the hook—they don’t have to change their lives to be saved. All they must do is believe in Jesus’s redemptive sacrifice on the cross. This diminishes Jesus’s life and teachings, which are often ignored, and which accounts for the hypocrisy and failure of many Christians to follow Jesus genuinely.

A poster in my home office says, “Why and from what does Jesus save us? To form a more perfect world, Jesus saves us, by example, from living only for ourselves.” This requires interaction between God and humans; we cannot do it alone.

However, as scripture says, “faith without works is dead” (James 2:17-26). God gives us faith, but we must do the work. We are saved by following Jesus’ example of loving God and others. Jesus says, “Do this, and you will inherit eternal life” (Luke 10: 25-28).

Bruce Tallman is a London an educator of adults on religion. http://www.brucetallman.com

COMMON THREADS IN WORLD RELIGIONS

The world’s great religions, diverse as they are

share a common existential thread:

self-reflection and self-transcendence

to St. Paul baptism means you transcend/die

to the Roman Empire’s violence

maintaining its patriarchy/hierarchy/slavery

hierarchical and biblical authority

the mainstays of Catholicism and Protestantism

have been problematic for feminist theologians

because there are many ‘terror texts’

hard to believe as ‘inspired by God’

because they maintain subjugation/exclusion/

violence against women –

by seeing biblical texts as interactive with the reader

feminist theologians reclaimed the Bible for women

by biblical criticism prioritizing the life-giving/

political/ethical/nonviolent texts

but the vision of the hierarchical Fathers

of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965)

was to help the Church be evermore true

to its divinely-inspired mission:

to effectively serve all people

both men and women

with generosity/empathy/love

and in Buddhism the Three Jewels:

the Buddhist Trinity of Buddha/Dharma/Sangha

(Teacher/Teaching/Community)

are all meant to sow seeds

of love/peace/understanding

throughout the world

and in Taoism the sage Lao Tzu teaches us all

how to accomplish much

without effort

by allowing the Tao, the Hidden Force

motivating the universe

to act in and through us

spreading wisdom and joy everywhere

Spirit hides in all these traditions.

THE COSMIC MASS & OTHER GREAT EXPERIENCES

Some powerful spiritual experiences happened to me in 2023.

At Queen of the Apostles Retreat Center in Mississauga in March, Ronald Rolheiser gave a series of talks based on his book Wrestling with God: Finding Hope and Meaning in Our Daily Struggles to Be Human.

Rolheiser said that our basic problem is not so much sin as the complex way God made us – psychologically, emotionally, socially, and sexually – that can tempt us to sin. He gave many examples of this and then some “counsels for the long haul:” we need to constantly purify our concept of God; honour our complexity and sexuality: both eros and chastity; befriend our “shadow” – the things we try to hide from others and ourselves; grieve our wounds; and forgive ourselves and others often.

In Chicago, in August, at the Parliament of the World’s Religions (which promotes interreligious understanding) there were about 7000 participants from every spiritual tradition: Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist, Taoist, and Confucian. The Sikhs fed lunch to everyone who came to them every day – often thousands of people. This is part of Sikh tradition called “langar” – feeding the hungry. There were workshops on every imaginable topic, keynotes by Antonio Guterres, Secretary General of the U.N., Nancy Pelosi, former Speaker of the House of Representatives, and Rev. Jesse Jackson.

The biggest highlight for me was the Cosmic Mass led by Matthew Fox. The Mass was structured according to traditional Catholic and Anglican ritual but also according to the four “vias” of Meister Eckhart, a Catholic theologian and mystic from the 13^th century.

The “Via Positiva” involved about a thousand people holding hands and dancing in a circle while cosmic images from the Hubble Space Telescope played on a large screen in the darkened hall. The “Via Negativa” had us get down on our hands and knees with our foreheads to the ground (after we were given time to reflect on sorrowful things in our lives) and wailing out our grief – I’ll never forget that cacophony. The ”Via Creativa” involved spiritual leaders from every major world religion gathering around a huge altar and reciting prayers of peace from their tradition. The “Via Transformativa” saw the religious leaders encourage everyone to go forth and spread love, justice, and interreligious cooperation to the world.

Another spiritual experience came from the “Mystic Summit” (mysticssummit.com), an online course consisting of thirty-five interviews with mystics from every tradition.

There were readings of mystic poetry from Mirabai Starr; interpretations of Rumi, the great Sufi mystic; a discussion of Revelations of Divine Love by Julian of Norwich; the Kabbalah, a profound treatise of Jewish mysticism; Brian Swimme talking about science, religion and cosmology; expositions on grace, paradox, and non-dualism; a discussion about guardian angels in various traditions; the life of Padre Pio, a Catholic mystic who suffered from stigmata, the five bodily wounds of Christ; Joseph of Cupertino, another Catholic saint who was known for his ability to levitate; interviews with shamans; the life of Bede Griffiths, a Catholic priest and Benedictine monk, who lived as a Hindu and founded a Christian ashram in South India; A Course In Miracles, a modern interpretation of the sayings of Jesus, was mentioned by several mystics; and finally a discourse on Paramahansa Yogananda’s great work Autobiography of a Yogi.

In short, the Summit was a spiritual cornucopia rounding out a year of fresh insights, and I found that Richard Rohr’s biblically based idea of the Universal Christ provided a sense of unity in the midst of all the religious diversity of these retreats, parliaments, rituals and summits.

WAKE UP!

Prayer is the place where much spiritual growth

and struggle can occur

caused by the true self and false self and sinful self

in conflict

your false self is not your sinful self

the intentionally self-centred self

that God does not like and you should not like –

the false self is good and necessary as far as it goes –

it is the outer things you think you are –

your name/gender/job/nationality

but it often poses as the true self/soul which it is not

thus it becomes false

the essence of spirituality is being aware/seeing/

becoming conscious – that is why Jesus and Buddha

constantly say “Be awake/wake up” –

“Therefore keep awake/be on the alert

for you do not know when your Lord is coming” (Matt 24:42) –

be awake particularly to your sinful self

the subtle self that likes the best spot in the synagogue

to be treated with respect and called “Rabbi”

or “Father”

the cure for the false self is what Brother Lawrence calls

“The Practice of the Presence of God” –

the holy habit

of getting used to God’s constant company

and constantly talking/constantly listening

to God in every circumstance –

even while making love

indeed, particularly while making love

that’s why sex feels so heavenly –

God is making love to you

thru your partner – wake up to that!

contemplative prayer can occur anytime/anywhere –

it is “a communion in which the Holy Trinity

conforms humans/the image of God/the Imago Dei

to God’s likeness” (Catechism of the Catholic Church 2713)

– thru grace we participate in Divinity! Wake up to that!

all souls thus owe God everything

and can repay God nothing.

ARMCHAIR CATHOLICISM

As churches institutionalized, they professionalized

and a professional elite took over, the clergy

who focused on how to live the Christian life but lost the why –

the motivations of regular lay believers

Catholic clergy have been wrestling with laity forever:

when Catholicism fought the heretical monster

it labeled “modernism”

it condemned modernism’s chief architects:

Galileo/Darwin/Marx/Freud

all Christian and Jewish-atheist laymen

who threatened the church’s

classicism/Hellenism/Thomism

however, Bernard Lonergan’s “transcendental precepts”

that underlie his General Epistemological Method (G.E.M.)

that underlies all the hard and soft sciences:

attentiveness (paying attention)/intelligence (what seems to be happening?)/

reasonableness (is that accurate?)/responsibility (what should be done?)

gave Catholicism a new way of doing theology

that matched our fast-emerging world civilization

hopefully Lonergan’s work will not be subverted

because assertion and then subversion

of the good/true/beautiful

is the basic pattern of the Bible –

the nonviolent resistance of Jesus to the “normal” state

of his society – the violent Roman Empire –

is met with his murder

when individualism reigns in our society

Christian charity alleviates the suffering of individuals

but ignores the unjust structures/laws

made by the privileged to protect the privileged

that cause the suffering in the first place

“A Merchant Mentality destroys compassion and the soul –

and the sin behind all sin is dualism – splitting things apart”

– Matthew Fox

rather than meditating on God from our armchair

it would be more fruitful to actually unite

with “others” who are least like us

and find Jesus the Christ in them too.

SACRIFICE/LIBERATION/SALVATION

Contemporary theologians would do well

to free themselves from the “Hellenic complex” –

the integration of Greek categories of thought

into Christian theology – starting with Thomas Aquinas

and his merging of Aristotle into Judeo-Christian beliefs –

Popes John Paul II and Benedict thought Catholicism

should no longer be dominated by Aquinas

but they embraced no one else

they could have embraced Gustavo Gutierrez

who realized the new European theology he learned

could not deal with the structural injustices

of his South American continent

so he began interpreting the gospel in light of the poor

but “Saint Pope J.P. II” condemned this as Marxism

and so destroyed liberation theology

in spite of “Saint Pope J.P. II” liberation theology

became the key to black theology in North America –

the theology of liberation contained in the Bible –

the liberation of the Jewish slaves from Egypt –

parallels the liberation of black slaves in America –

Lincoln was Moses to the sharecroppers –

because the very essence of Jesus is freedom

Jesus became the model of liberation for blacks

understanding is the most powerful tool for “liberation”

which in Buddhism is “salvation from suffering”

so Buddhists talk about salvation by understanding

and the seed of understanding in everyone –

so similar in Christian or Buddhist terms –

is God/Jesus/Christ-Consciousness/Buddha-Mind –

Buddhist meditation involves deep insight

and creates understanding/love/salvation

love is both dependent and free at the same time –

it depends on objective values and creates new values:

joy/gratitude/self-sacrifice –

the bodhisattvas sacrificed entering into nirvana/heaven

until all sentient beings were liberated

similarly, Muslims sacrifice sex during the Great Fast/Ramadan:

“Do not lie with your wives during the day but cleave to the mosque –

(but during the night you can go into your wives and lie with them)” –

some sacrifice (but not too much) there. 😊

PROPHETS CRYING

In The Integral Vision, the greatest book of the 21^st century

because it puts all knowledge together in a single system,

Ken Wilber asserts that all human potential

can be simplified to five essential elements:

quadrants (I/We/It/Its)/ levels (of consciousness)/

lines (of development)/states (of experience)/

types (of personality) which are existential realities

not theoretical concepts – we can experience all of them

similarly, all Christology has to be experiential

not just academic because prophetess Ilia Delio claims

all mystics arrive at a profound experience

of Christ in the universe – Christ experienced in daily life

as millions of believers testify

by the end of the 17^th century our experience

of our place in the cosmos had radically shifted:

humans no longer occupied the center of the universe

and since spots were discovered on the surface of the sun

we knew the heavenly realm had blemishes

and so the heavenly and earthly realms

were no longer distinctly different –

there was no longer “a perfect realm up there”

versus “an imperfect realm down here”

Pierre Teilhard de Chardin was a prophet

crying in the wilderness of a scientific/evolutionary age

“Make way for the Lord”

as well as a Desert Father

working lifelong in China’s vast deserts

telling us about new ways to look at Christ

which the Church had difficulty embracing

staunch Catholic tradition was unbroken/unbreakable

and behind/underlying/in front of contemporary Catholicism

Franciscans today carry on the tradition of St Francis of Assisi

and Catholic philosophers wrestle today

with similar problems to St Thomas Aquinas –

spirituality and religion still search for the sacred

not ego-based values of health/happiness/success

but for a person/law/principle that transcends the self –

spirituality in the world but not of the world

not purely imminent pantheism nor purely transcendent theism

but imminent and transcendent panentheism –

prophets still cry for the human/God or God/human.

THE INTEGRATION OF ALL THINGS

Most Christians think dualistically:

human vs God/nature vs grace/male vs female

spirit vs matter/body vs soul/East vs West

science vs religion –

these are not the same but they are all One

with the crown chakra or 4^th stage of moral development

the integrated person becomes a paradoxical union of

masculine/feminine; autonomy/relationship;

rights/responsibilities; agency/communion;

wisdom/compassion;justice/mercy –

just like God

spiritual people need to reclaim not only compassion –

pleasure in righting relationships

but also passion –

pleasure in eros and the sharing of it –

both are God’s work:

“Any idea that spirituality means neglect of the body

is profoundly mistaken” – Albert Nolan

after Vatican II many Catholic thinkers

inspired by the Trappist and Benedictine monks –

Thomas Merton and Bede Griffiths –

started integrating Zen and yoga/

vipassana and transcendental meditation

into Christianity

Merton was Catholic because he believed the Church

gave him the greatest spiritual freedom

for it integrated Law and Spirit –

he would not be Catholic if he believed the Church

was just an institution with rules and laws

that demanded external conformity –

he believed the laws of the Church are necessary

but subordinate to the Holy Spirit and Love

and it is in Christ that true freedom is found

and the Church is Christ’s Body/Bride/living by Christ’s Spirit

for the Church to aid an emerging Interspiritual Age

spiritual/religious discussion cannot be separated

from secular/nonreligious discussion

from academic/historical/developmental discussion

from discussion about the new scientifically based cosmology

which integrates everything.